This paper explores the use of neutron and synchrotron diffractions for the evaluation of residual stresses in welded components. It has been shown that it is possible to achieve very good agreement between the two independent diffraction techniques. This study shows the significance of the weld start and end sites on the residual strain/stress distribution. Quantitative evaluation of the residual stress development process for multibead weldments has been presented. Some measurements were also taken before and after postweld stress relieving to establish the reduction and redistribution of the residual stress. The detailed measurements of residual stress around the weld achieved in this work significantly improve the knowledge and understanding of residual stress in welded components.
1.
Michaleris
, P.
, Dantzig
, J.
, and Tortorelli
, D.
, 1999, “Minimization of Welding Residual Stress and Distortion in Large Structures
,” Weld. J. (Miami, FL, U.S.)
0043-2296, 78
(11
), pp. 361
–366
.2.
Sedek
, P.
, Brozda
, J.
, Wang
, L.
, and Withers
, P. J.
, 2003, “Residual Stress Relief in MAG Welded Joints of Dissimilar Steels
,” Int. J. Pressure Vessels Piping
0308-0161, 80
, pp. 705
–713
.3.
Yang
, Y. S.
, and Lee
, S. H.
, 1997, “A Study on the Mechanical Stress Relieving in a Butt-Welded-Pipe
,” Int. J. Pressure Vessels Piping
0308-0161, 73
, pp. 175
–182
.4.
Dong
, P.
, Hong
, J. K.
, and Bouchard
, P. J.
, 2005, “Analysis of Residual Stresses at Weld Repairs
,”Int. J. Pressure Vessels Piping
0308-0161, 82
(4
), pp. 258
–269
.5.
BS 7910: 1999, “
Guide on Methods for Assessing the Acceptability of Flaws in Metallic Structures
,” BSI, British Standards, London, UK.6.
Milne
, I.
, Ainsworth
, R. A.
, Dowling
, A. R.
, and Stewart
, A. T.
, 2001, “Assesment of the Integrity of Structures Containing Defects
,” CEGB Report No. R/H/R6-Rev. 4.7.
Owen
, R. A.
, Preston
, R. V.
, Withers
, P. J.
, Shercliff
, H. R.
, and Webster
, P. J.
, 2003, “Neutron and Synchrotron Measurements of Residual Strain in TIG Welded Aluminium Alloy 2024
,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A
0921-5093, 346
(), pp. 159
–167
.8.
Webster
, G. A.
, and Wimpory
, R. C.
, 2001, “Residual Stress in Weldments
,” J. Neutron Res.
1023-8166, 9
, pp. 281
–287
.9.
Withers
, P. J.
, 2003, Use of Synchrotron X-Ray Radiation For Stress Measurements, Analysis of Residual Stress by Diffraction Using Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation
, M. E.
Fitzpatrick
and A.
Lodini
, eds., Taylor & Francis
, London
, pp. 170
–189
.10.
Steuwer
, A.
, Peel
, M.
, Withers
, P. J.
, 2006, “Dissimilar Friction Stir Welds in AA5083–AA6082: The Effect of Process Parameters on Residual Stress
,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A
0921-5093, 441
(1–2), pp. 187
–196
.11.
Peel
, M.
, Steuwer
, A.
, Preuss
, M.
, and Withers
, P. J.
, 2003, “Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses as a Function of Welding Speed in Aluminum AA5083 Friction Stir Welds
,” Acta Mater.
1359-6454, 51
(16
), pp. 4791
–4801
.12.
Paradowska
, A.
, Finlayson
, T.
, Price
, J. W. H.
, Steuwer
, A.
, Ibrahim
, R.
, and Ripley
, M.
, 2006, “Investigation of Reference Samples for Residual Strain Measurements in a Welded Specimen by Neutron and Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction
,” Physica B
0921-4526, 385–386
, pp. 904
–907
.13.
Paradowska
, A.
, Price
, J. W. H.
, Ibrahim
, R.
, and Finlayson
, T.
, 2005, “A Neutron Diffraction Study of Residual Stress due to Welding
,” J. Mater. Process. Technol.
0924-0136, 164–165
, pp. 1099
–1105
.14.
Dong
, P.
, 2001, “Residual Stress Analyses of a Multi-Pass Girth Weld: 3–D Special Shell Versus Axisymmetric Models
,”ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol.
0094-9930, 123
, pp. 207
–213
.15.
Withers
, P. J.
, and Bhadeshia
, H. K.
, 2001, “Residual Stress. Part 2-Nature and Origins
,” Mater. Sci. Technol.
0267-0836, 17
(4
), pp. 366
–375
.16.
Paradowska
, A.
, Price
, J. W. H.
, Ibrahim
, R.
, Finlayson
, T. R.
, Ripley
, M.
, and Blevins
, R.
, 2005, “Residual Stress Evaluation in Multi-Beads Steel Weldments Using Neutron Diffraction
,” Weld. World
0043-2288, 49
(9
), pp. 388
–399
.17.
Price
, J. W. H.
, Paradowska
, A.
, Finlayson
, T.
, and Ibrahim
, R.
, 2006, “Residual Stress Evaluation in Welds and Implication for Design for Pressure Vessel Applications
,” ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol.
0094-9930, 128
, pp. 638
–643
.18.
1996, “
Structural Steel-Hot-Rolled Plates, Floor Plates and Slabs
,” AS/NZS 3678:1996, Grade 250.19.
Australian Standard of Pressure Equipment—Manufacture, 1997, AS 4458-1997.
20.
AS 1391-1991, 1991, “
Methods for Tensile Testing of Metals
,” Standards Australia, Sydney, Australia.21.
AS 2205.2.2-1997, 1997, “
Methods for Destructive Testing of Welds in Metal—All-Weld-Metal Tensile Test
,” Standards Australia, Sydney, Australia.22.
Spooner
, S.
, 2003, Analysis of Residual Stress by Diffraction Using Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation
, M. E.
Fitzpatrick
and A.
Lodini
, eds., Taylor & Francis
, London
, pp. 296
–318
.23.
Lienert
, U.
, Martins
, R.
, Grigull
, S.
, Pinkerton
, M.
, Poulsen
, H. F.
, and Kvick
, A.
, 2000, “High Spatial Resolution Strain Measurements Within Bulk Materials by Slit-Imaging
,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc.
0272-9172, 590
, pp. 241
–246
.Copyright © 2010
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
