... design classification, UK Class F2, for such welds is not well founded, but probably overconservative for pipeline welds. In an attempt to justify upgrading current fatigue design classifications and providing a better basis for design, fatigue tests were performed on a range of girth-welded pipes...

... of initial imperfections on the behavior of segments of line pipe. Imperfections measured across the inside surface of pipe test specimens were incorporated into a finite element model that was developed to predict the experimental behavior of the specimens tested under combined loads of internal pressure...