...Curt S. Kothera; Mamta Jangid; Jayant Sirohi; Norman M. Wereley McKibben actuators are pneumatic actuators with very high force to weight ratios. Their ability to match the behavior of biological muscles better than any other actuators has motivated much research into the characterization...

... skin sections were laminated and cured on a flat surface. 28 11 2008 08 05 2009 17 08 2009 aerospace components drag reduction elastomers finite element analysis laminates pneumatic actuators There are many morphing wings in development. Perhaps the most well-known...

.... , and Salcudean , S. E. , 1995 , “ A Force-Controlled Pneumatic Actuator ,” IEEE Trans. Rob. Autom. , 11 ( 6 ), pp. 906 – 911 . Pandian , S. R. , Hayakawa , Y. , Kanazawa , Y. , Kamoyama , Y. , and Kawamura , S. , 1997 , “ Practical Design of a Sliding Mode Controller...