... of the mean is expected for 68% of cases. 17 12 2004 30 01 2005 25 05 2005 forensic science proptosis exophthalmos globe projection exophthalmometry ophthalmology craniofacial identification facial approximation facial reconstruction References Chang   A A , Bank...

...). It is applicable in both research and clinical contexts. 07 06 2003 19 12 2003 10 03 2004 forensic science forensic anthropology tissue thickness tissue depth facial reconstruction craniofacial surgery References Echotech . 3D FreeScan, Echotech 3D Imaging Systems. Operation...

...CM Wilkinson, PhD; M Motwani, MD; E Chiang, BSc The estimation of mouth width and lip thickness from the skull for facial reconstruction has traditionally relied upon scant scientific research and “rules of thumb” laid down by subjective interpretation and experience. This study tested...

... in facial approximation techniques, at least given knowledge existing at this stage. KEYWORDS: forensic science, facial reconstruction, facial reproduction, soft tissue prediction, hard tissue Facial approximation is a technique used to build people s faces from their skulls to help establish identification...

... determination was shown to be as much as 3.9 mm too deep in the socket, and a practical application of this result to facial reconstruction is discussed. 09 07 2002 01 01 2003 forensic science facial reconstruction orbit eye References Gatliffe   BP . Facial sculpture...

... suggested that average exophthalmometer values be used until more accurate and precise ways of determining globe projection have been determined. 05 01 2002 04 01 2002 01 07 2002 forensic science forensic anthropology facial reconstruction facial reproduction eyeball cornea...

... receive a resemblance rating equal to, or higher than, the target individual. KEYWORDS: forensic science, facial reconstruction, facial reproduction, skull, face, human identification, face recognition, face pool comparison, direct comparison Facial approximation is a technique used to build a person s...

...MA Williamson, Ph.D.; SP Nawrocki, Ph.D., D.A.B.F.A.; TA Rathbun, Ph.D., D.A.B.F.A. Forensic anthropologists use facial reconstruction to develop a likeness of an unknown individual in order to generate public interest that may lead to a positive identification. Tissue thicknesses of the face from...

...-philtrum regions have greater age changes than do other soft tissue variables. Much of the variation remains unexplained by changes with age or differences between sexes. 22 01 2001 12 03 2001 14 03 2001 forensic science forensic anthropology facial reconstruction soft tissues...

... identification. 08 10 1999 20 06 2000 22 06 2000 forensic science facial reconstruction facial reproduction facial approximation human identification skeletal remains recognition accuracy face pools References Suzuki   T . Reconstitution of a skull . Int Crim Police...

...MP Evison, Ph.D.; MA Green, M.B. Advances in graphical computing have led to the development of computerized simulation models for forensic facial reconstruction in three dimensions. As well as being rapid and repeatable, computerization also offers a flexible means of presenting finished...

...MA Green, M.B.; MP Evison, Ph.D. The shape of the skull is a limited predictor of facial appearance and facial reconstruction methods can offer at best a resemblance to the individual during life. Various unknown factors in addition to those relating to age, build, obesity, ethnic group...

... 10 1996 11 11 1996 forensic science forensic anthropology human identification facial reconstruction computer imaging casting forensic pathology References Quatrehomme   G , Garidel   Y , Grevin   G , Liao   Z G , Bailet   P , Ollier   A . Method...

...AJ Tyrrell, M.Sc.; MP Evison, Ph.D.; AT Chamberlain, Ph.D.; MA Green, M.B., F.R.C. Path. Despite varied attempts to achieve standardization in traditional techniques and the promotion of some newly developed ones, facial reconstruction remains on the threshold between art and science...

...-dimensional positive image building. This technique seems to be useful in all cases of severe disfiguration of the face, particularly by trauma. KEYWORDS: forensic science, forensic anthropology, forensic medicine, casting, human identification, facial restoration, facial reconstruction The techniques used...

... currently utilized in facial reconstruction required modification. Two revised formulas are proposed to improve accuracy of reconstructions: an addition prediction formula for ease of use and a multiplication prediction formula for more precise results on those skulls outside of the mean range. 11 06...

... as a term which is not already in use in forensic science, which is precise, and ~,hich would thus be preferred over any of the other terms. KEYWORDS: physical anthropology, facial reproduction, human identification, musculo~,keletal system, facial reconstruction In recent years, forensic anthropologists...

... to reconstruct “approximate” profiles over X-ray tracings of unidentified skulls. The lateral craniographic method of facial reconstruction requires four steps: (1) a cephalometric analysis is first made to determine the facial proportions and individual skull type; (2) the mean soft tissue thicknesses...

.... 221 – 227 . physical anthropology H. H. Wilder historical background dermatoglyphics facial reconstruction pioneer 18 02 1982 15 03 1982 01 10 1982 T. D. Stewart, 1M.D. Pioneer Contributions of Harris Hawthorne Wilder, Ph.D., to Forensic Sciences REFERENCE: Stewart...