Abstract
The death of a 72-year-old man is described who overdosed himself while in hospital. The man was being treated for lung cancer and ingested 90 mg of zopiclone in a suicide attempt. He died between 4 and 10 h after the ingestion. Zopiclone, quantitated by GC-MS in the femoral blood, cardiac blood, vitreous humor, urine and bile was found to be 254, 408, 94, 7,330, and 114,700 ng/mL, respectively. Considering the man's weakened physical condition, 90 mg could represent a minimum lethal zopiclone dose.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Imovane® product monograph
. Compendium of Pharmaceutical Specialties, 1996
. Pharmaceutical Association of Canada
, Ottawa, Canada
.2.
Goa
K L
, Heel
R C
. Zopiclone: A review of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy as a hypnotic
. Drugs
0012-6667 1986
;32
:48
-65
.3.
Foerster
E H
, Hatchett
D
, Garriott
J C
. A rapid, comprehensive screening procedure for basic drugs in blood or tissues by gas chromatography
. J Anal Toxicol
1978
;2
:50
-55
.4.
Foerster
E H
, Dempsey
J
, Garriott
J C
. A gas chromatographic screening procedure for acid and neutral drugs in blood
. J Anal Toxicol
1979
;3
:87
-91
.5.
Boniface
P J
, Martin
I C
, Nolan
S L
, Tan
S T
. Development of a method for the determination of zopiclone in whole blood
. J Chromatogr
1992
;584
:199
-206
.6.
Paul
B D
, Mell
L D
, Mitchell
J M
, Irving
J
, Novak
A
. Simultaneous identification and quantitation of codeine and morphine in urine by capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
. J Anal Toxicol
1985
;9
:222
-6
.7.
Liboux
A L
, Frydman
A
, Gaillot
J
. Simultaneous determination of zopiclone and its two major metabolites (N-oxide and N-desmethyl) in human biological fluids by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
. J Chromatogr
1987
;417
:151
-8
.8.
Fernandez
C
, Maradeix
V
, Gimenez
F
, Thuillier
A
, Farinotti
R
. Pharmacokinetics of zopiclone and its enantiomers in Caucasian young healthy volunteers
. Drug Metabolism and Disposition
0090-9556 1993
;21
:1125
-8
.9.
Pounder
D J
, Davies
J L
. Zopiclone poisoning: Tissue distribution and potential for postmortem diffusion
. For Sci Intl
1994
;65
:177
-83
.10.
Bruera
E D
, MacEachern
T J
, Spachynski
K A
, LeGatt
D F
, MacDonald
R N
, et al Comparison of the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of controlled release and immediate release metoclopramide for the management of chronic nausea in patients with advanced cancer
. Cancer
0008-543X 1994
;74
:3204
-11
.11.
Royer-Morrot
M J
, Rambourg
M
, Jacob
I
, Bauer
P
, Royer
R J
. Determination of zopiclone in plasma using column liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
. J Chromatogr
1992
;581
:297
-9
.12.
VanBocxlaer
J
, Meyer
E
, Clauwaert
K
, Lambert
W
, Piette
M
, DeLeenheer
A
. Analysis of zopiclone (Imovane) in postmortem specimens by GC-MS and HPLC with diode-array detection
. J Anal Toxicol
1996
;20
:52
-4
.13.
Boniface
P J
, Russell
S G
. Two cases of fatal zopiclone overdoses
. J Anal Toxicol
1996
;20
:131
-3
.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.