We demonstrate theoretically the feasibility of selective self-excitation of higher-mode flexural vibrations of graphene nano-ribbons and carbon nanotubes by the means of magnetomotive instability. Apart from the mechanical resonator, the device consists only of a constant voltage source, an inductor, a capacitor, a gate electrode, and a constant magnetic field. Numerical simulations were performed on both graphene and carbon nanotubes displaying an overall similar behavior, but with some differences arising mainly due to the nonlinear forces caused by the mechanical deformation. The advantages and disadvantages of both materials are discussed.

References

1.
Novoselov
,
K. S.
,
Geim
,
A. K.
,
Morozov
,
S. V.
,
Jiang
,
D.
,
Zhang
,
Y.
,
Dubonos
,
S. V.
,
Grigorieva
,
I. V.
, and
Firsov
,
A. A.
,
2004
, “
Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
,”
Science
,
306
,
pp.
666
669
.10.1126/science.1102896
2.
Iijima
,
S.
,
1991
, “
Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon
,”
Nature
,
354
,
pp.
56
58
.10.1038/354056a0
3.
Ayari
,
A.
,
Vincent
,
P.
,
Perisanu
,
S.
,
Choueib
,
M.
,
Gouttenoire
,
V.
,
Bechelany
,
M.
,
Cornu
,
D.
, and
Purcell
,
S. T.
,
2007
, “
Self-Oscillations in Field Emission Nanowire Mechanical Resonators
,”
Nano Lett.
,
7
,
pp.
2252
2257
.10.1021/nl070742r
4.
Weldon
,
J.
,
Alemn
,
B.
,
Sussman
,
A.
,
Gannett
,
W.
, and
Zettl
,
A.
,
2010
, “
Sustained Mechanical Self-Oscillations in Carbon Nanotubes
,”
Nano Lett.
,
10
,
pp.
1728
1733
.10.1021/nl100148q
5.
Kleshch
,
V. I.
,
Obraztsov
,
A. N.
, and
Obraztsova
,
E. D.
,
2010
, “
Electromechanical Self-Oscillations of Carbon Nanotube Field Emitter
,”
Carbon
,
48
,
pp.
3895
3900
.10.1016/j.carbon.2010.06.055
6.
Perisanu
,
S.
,
Ayari
,
A.
,
Purcell
,
S.
, and
Vincent
,
P.
,
2010
, “
Electro-Mechanics of Resonating Nanotubes and Nanowires in the Field Emission Environment
,”
Int. J. Nanotechnol.
,
7
,
pp.
702
718
.10.1504/IJNT.2010.031740
7.
Lazarus
,
A.
,
Barois
,
T.
,
Perisanu
,
S.
,
Poncharal
,
P.
,
Manneville
,
P.
,
de Langre
,
E.
,
Purcell
,
S. T.
,
Vincent
,
P.
, and
Ayari
,
A.
,
2010
, “
Simple Modeling of Self-Oscillations in Nanoelectromechanical Systems
,”
Appl. Phys. Lett.
,
96
,
193114
.10.1063/1.3396191
8.
Wang
,
Y.-D.
,
Semba
,
K.
, and
Yamaguchi
,
H.
,
2008
, “
Cooling of a Micro-Mechanical Resonator by the Back-Action of Lorentz Force
,”
New J. Phys.
,
10
,
043015
.10.1088/1367-2630/10/4/043015
9.
Jaehne
,
K.
,
Hammerer
,
K.
, and
Wallquist
,
M.
,
2008
, “
Ground-State Cooling of a Nanomechanical Resonator via a Cooper-Pair Box Qubit
,”
New J. Phys.
,
10
,
095019
.10.1088/1367-2630/10/9/095019
10.
Sonne
,
G.
,
Pena-Aza
,
M. E.
,
Gorelik
,
L. Y.
,
Shekhter
,
R. I.
, and
Jonson
,
M.
,
2010
, “
Cooling of a Suspended Nanowire by an ac Josephson Current Flow
,”
Phys. Rev. Lett.
,
104
,
226802
.10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.226802
11.
Nordenfelt
,
A.
,
Tarakanov
,
Y.
,
Gorelik
,
L. Y.
,
Shekhter
,
R. I.
, and
Jonson
,
M.
,
2010
, “
Magnetomotive Instability and Generation of Mechanical Vibrations in Suspended Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
,”
New J. Phys.
,
12
,
123013
.10.1088/1367-2630/12/12/123013
12.
Nordenfelt
,
A.
,
2011
, “
Magnetomotive Cooling and Excitation of Carbon Nanotube Oscillations Under Voltage Bias
,”
Cent. Eur. J. Phys.
,
9
,
pp.
1288
1293
.10.2478/s11534-011-0044-1
13.
Ramos
,
D.
,
Mertens
,
J.
,
Calleja
,
M.
, and
Tamayo
,
J.
,
2008
, “
Photothermal Self-Excitation of Nanomechanical Resonators in Liquids
,”
Appl. Phys. Lett.
,
92
,
173108
.10.1063/1.2917718
14.
Fu
,
H.
,
Liu
,
C.
,
Liu
,
Y.
,
Chu
,
J.
, and
Cao
,
G.
,
2011
, “
Selective Photothermal Self-Excitation of Mechanical Modes of a Micro-Cantilever for Force Microscopy
,”
Appl. Phys. Lett.
,
99
,
173501
.10.1063/1.3655333
15.
Jonsson
,
L. M.
,
Santandrea
,
F.
,
Gorelik
,
L. Y.
,
Shekhter
,
R. I.
, and
Jonson
,
M.
,
2008
, “
Self-Organization of Irregular Nanoelectromechanical Vibrations in Multimode Shuttle Structures
,”
Phys. Rev. Lett.
,
100
,
186802
.10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.186802
16.
Santandrea
,
F.
,
2010
, “
Selective Excitations of Transverse Vibrational Modes of a Carbon Nanotube Through a ‘Shuttle-Like’ Electromechanical Instability
,”
Phys. Res. Int.
,
Paper No. 493478
.
17.
Shylau
,
A. A.
,
Klos
,
J. W.
, and
Zozoulenko
,
I. V.
,
2009
, “
Capacitance of Graphene Nanoribbons
,”
Phys. Rev. B
,
80
,
205402
.10.1103/PhysRevB.80.205402
18.
Zhou
,
X.
,
Park
,
J.
,
Huang
,
S.
,
Liu
,
J.
, and
McEuen
,
P. L.
,
2005
, “
Band Structure, Phonon Scattering, and the Performance Limit of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Transistors
,”
Phys. Rev. Lett.
,
95
,
146805
.10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.146805
19.
Charlier
,
J.
,
Blase
,
X.
, and
Roche
,
S.
,
2007
, “
Electronic and Transport Properties of Nanotubes
,”
Rev. Mod. Phys.
,
79
,
pp.
677
732
.10.1103/RevModPhys.79.677
20.
Tarakanov
,
Y.
, and
Kinaret
,
J.
,
2007
, “
A Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor With a Suspended Nanotube Gate
,”
Nano Lett.
,
7
,
pp.
2291
2294
.10.1021/nl070891+
21.
Neto
,
A. H. C.
,
Guinea
,
F.
,
Peres
,
N. M. R.
,
Novoselov
,
K. S.
, and
Geim
,
A. K.
,
2009
, “
The Electronic Properties of Graphene
,”
Rev. Mod. Phys.
,
81
,
pp.
109
162
.10.1103/RevModPhys.81.109
22.
Ouakad
,
H. M.
, and
Younis
,
M. I.
,
2010
, “
Nonlinear Dynamics of Electrically Actuated Carbon Nanotube Resonator
,”
J. Comput. Nonlinear Dyn.
,
5
,
011009
.10.1115/1.4000319
23.
Yu
,
M.-F.
,
2004
, “
Fundamental Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes: Current Understanding and the Related Experimental Studies
,”
J. Eng. Mater. Technol.
,
126
,
pp.
271
278
.10.1115/1.1755245
24.
Bunch
,
J. S.
,
van der Zande
,
A. M.
,
Verbridge
,
S. S.
,
Frank
,
I. W.
,
Tanenbaum
,
D. M.
,
Parpia
,
J. M.
,
Craighead
,
H. G.
, and
McEuen
,
P. L.
,
2007
, “
Electromechanical Resonators From Graphene Sheets
,”
Science
,
315
,
pp.
490
493
.10.1126/science.1136836
25.
Garcia-Sanchez
,
D.
,
van der Zande
,
A. M.
,
Paulo
,
A. S.
,
Lassagne
,
B.
,
McEuen
,
P. L.
, and
Bachtold
,
A.
,
2008
, “
Imaging Mechanical Vibrations in Suspended Graphene Sheets
,”
Nano Lett.
,
8
,
pp.
1399
1403
.10.1021/nl080201h
26.
Isacsson
,
A.
,
Jonsson
,
L. M.
,
Kinaret
,
J. M.
, and
Jonson
,
M.
,
2008
, “
Electronic Superlattices in Corrugated Graphene
,”
Phys. Rev. B
,
77
,
035423
.10.1103/PhysRevB.77.035423
27.
Atalaya
,
J.
,
Isacsson
,
A.
, and
Kinaret
,
J.
,
2008
, “
Continuum Elastic Modeling of Graphene Resonators
,”
Nano Lett.
,
8
,
pp.
4196
4200
.10.1021/nl801733d
You do not currently have access to this content.