Tissue engineering often involves seeding cells into porous scaffolds and subjecting the scaffold to mechanical stimulation. Current experimental techniques have provided a plethora of data regarding cell responses within scaffolds, but the quantitative understanding of the load transfer process within a cell-seeded scaffold is still relatively unknown. The objective of this work was to develop a finite element representation of the transient and heterogeneous nature of a cell-seeded collagen-GAG-scaffold. By undertaking experimental investigation, characteristics such as scaffold architecture and shrinkage, cellular attachment patterns, and cellular dimensions were used to create a finite element model of a cell-seeded porous scaffold. The results demonstrate that a very wide range of microscopic strains act at the cellular level when a sample value of macroscopic (apparent) strain is applied to the collagen-GAG-scaffold. An external uniaxial strain of 10% generated a cellular strain as high as 49%, although the majority experienced less than strain. The finding that the strain on some cells could be higher than the macroscopic strain was unexpected and proves contrary to previous in vitro investigations. These findings indicate a complex system of biophysical stimuli created within the scaffolds and the difficulty of inducing the desired cellular responses from artificial environments. Future in vitro studies could also corroborate the results from this computational prediction to further explore mechanoregulatory mechanisms in tissue engineering.
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December 2008
Research Papers
A Finite Element Prediction of Strain on Cells in a Highly Porous Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Scaffold
A. J. F. Stops,
A. J. F. Stops
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland; National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland
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L. A. McMahon,
L. A. McMahon
Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering,
Trinity College
, Dublin, Ireland
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D. O’Mahoney,
D. O’Mahoney
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland
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P. J. Prendergast,
P. J. Prendergast
Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering,
Trinity College
, Dublin, Ireland
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P. E. McHugh
P. E. McHugh
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland; National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland
Search for other works by this author on:
A. J. F. Stops
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland; National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland
L. A. McMahon
Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering,
Trinity College
, Dublin, Ireland
D. O’Mahoney
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland
P. J. Prendergast
Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering,
Trinity College
, Dublin, Ireland
P. E. McHugh
Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering,
National University of Ireland
, Galway, Ireland; National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland
, Galway, IrelandJ Biomech Eng. Dec 2008, 130(6): 061001 (11 pages)
Published Online: October 8, 2008
Article history
Received:
November 5, 2007
Revised:
April 28, 2008
Published:
October 8, 2008
Citation
Stops, A. J. F., McMahon, L. A., O’Mahoney, D., Prendergast, P. J., and McHugh, P. E. (October 8, 2008). "A Finite Element Prediction of Strain on Cells in a Highly Porous Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Scaffold." ASME. J Biomech Eng. December 2008; 130(6): 061001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2979873
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